Roy Huggins: Biography
Some of TV's most memorable characters - Bret Maverick, Dr. Richard Kimble (The Fugitive), Stu Bailey of 77 Sunset Strip and Jim Rockford - all sprang from the mind and pen of Roy Huggins. This immensely talented screenwriter and producer of television left a legacy of work that is still being enjoyed by fans to this day.
Huggins was born in Litelle, Washington, and graduated from the University of California. After a civil service stint in World War II, he began writing, training himself by copying Raymond Chandler's Farewell, My Lovely in longhand. In 1946, he wrote his first novel, The Double Take. It was serialized in The Saturday Evening Post and introduced private eye Stu Bailey. This detective in the vein of Philip Marlowe would appear in three more Huggins short stories before becoming the principal character of 77 Sunset Strip. He wrote two more novels before he realized he could make a better living as a screenwriter. The Double Take was turned into a film, and Huggins wrote screenplays including The Fuller Brush Man and The Good Humor Man, and Hangman's Knot.
In 1955, Huggins moved on to television, working first for Warner Bros., and then for Universal. He created Maverick, which premiered in 1957 and starred James Garner as Bret Maverick, a silver-tongued gambler in the Old West who would talk a big game but hide like a coward when the fighting started. Huggins also brought his literary private eye, Stu Bailey, to TV in 77 Sunset Strip, starring Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. as Bailey.
In 1963, Huggins created The Fugitive, which would later be regarded as one of the finest anthology-drama series of all time. Starring David Janssen, the series focused on Dr. Richard Kimble, falsely convicted of the murder of his wife but freed en route to death row by a train wreck. Kimble criss-crossed the country, evading re-capture and searching for the one-armed man he saw fleeing the scene the night his wife died. The show was a huge success over its four season run(for many years, its finale was the highest rated program in TV history) and it in turn inspired an Academy-award winning film in 1993 starring Harrison Ford and Tommy Lee Jones, as well as another series in 2000.
Huggins also created Run for Your Life with Ben Gazarra, a moderately successful series inspired by The Fugitive; The Outsider, a private eye drama starring Darren McGavin; and, another great success, The Rockford Files. Reuniting with James Garner, Rockford turned the private eye genre on its ear just as Maverick had done a number on Westerns. Jim Rockford didn't have a leggy secretary, often was on the receiving end of beatings and hardly ever carried a gun. His charm, combined with the sharp writing and supporting cast, carried the series and today it is considered a classic. It was on this series that Huggins began working in earnest with Stephen J. Cannell. Cannell, now a successful writer/producer with several hits under his belt, credits the lessons he learned from Huggins with a great deal of his success in television.
While at Warners, Huggins ran afoul of studio executives who regularly tried to deny him credit and compensation for the shows he created. This led to Huggins demanding ownership of shows that he created, after incidents on 77 Sunset Strip saw his credit as creator taken away. The demand became known in the industry as the "Huggins contract." The best example of the "Huggins contract" in action was the deal Huggins struck for The Fugitive, which allowed him to sell the film rights for the 1993 film.
Though Huggins was a producer on Baretta and Alias Smith and Jones, he was not an active showrunner until his protege, Stephen J. Cannell, brough Huggins out of retirement to run Cannell's series Hunter for three seasons.
With the shows and protagonists he created, Roy Huggins broke the mold and gave TV some of its most memorable characters. His fellow writers, actors and producers loved working with him and acknowledge the huge influence he has had, both on crime programming and on television in general. As long as viewers still tune in to see Richard Kimble on the lam or Jim Rockford on the case, Roy Huggins' legacy will live on.
- Roy Huggins' novel The Double Take may be one of the most oft-filmed detective novels of all time. There was a 1948 film adaptation (I Love Trouble); the story appeared twice on The Rockford Files; once on City of Angels; once on Maverick; and on many other Huggins series. Author Max Allan Collins guessed that this was "probably just so Huggins could double dip: get paid for the screen story and for the script."(edit)
- Roy Huggins originally intended for the villain of The Fugitive to have red hair, but he felt that it was such a common characteristic that he chose to have a one-armed man instead.(edit)
- Roy Huggins deliberately wrote the character of Bret Maverick to not have any of what Huggins considered to be the "irritating perfection" of TV's western heroes.(edit)
- Stephen J. Cannell said that "[Roy Huggins] taught me everything that I used through my career on how to create and write and produce a television show."(edit)
- Producer Jo Swerling, Jr. remembered Huggins: "Roy was a giant in the television industry, He was brilliant. He had a very fertile mind and was a great storyteller. I think he had a sort of natural sense of popular art of the time."(edit)
- Roy Huggins is the father of actress Katherine Crawford.(edit)
- Roy Huggins received the Lifetime Achievement in Television Award from the Producers' Guild in 1994.(edit)
- Roy Huggins received a 2002 Golden Boot Award. These are given to writers, directors, stunt people and character actors who have had significant involvement in the western genre in film and television.(edit)
- Roy Huggins graduated summa cum laude from UCLA.(edit)
- In 1961, Newton Minnow, chairman of the FCC, launched complaints against television, claiming that it was a "vast wasteland." One of the shows singled out in his attacks was Bus Stop, created and produced by Roy Huggins. The production company, 20th Century Fox, sidelined Huggins as a result of this criticism.(edit)
- Roy Huggins received the Private Eye Writers of America Lifetime Achievement Award in 1991.(edit)
- Warner Bros. did not acknowledge Roy Huggins as the creator of Maverick until the credits of the 1994 film.(edit)
- Roy Huggins' second wife was actress Adele Mara, who appeared in many of his shows, including Maverick, 77 Sunset Strip and Cool Million.(edit)
- Roy Huggins was the brother-in-law of actor Luis Delgado, who made appearances on Maverick and The Rockford Files.(edit)
- Roy Huggins was accused for years of basing The Fugitive on the real-life case of Dr. Sam Sheppard. Sheppard was convicted of the murder of his wife, but he claimed she had been killed by a bushy-haired intruder he saw running from the scene. (Sheppard was later acquitted in a second trial.) Huggins always denied that Richard Kimble was based on Sam Sheppard.(edit)
- Roy Huggins' pseudonym, "John Thomas James," that he used on many of his scripts, was created by combining the first names of his three sons.(edit)
- Roy Huggins joined the American Communist Party because of his hatred of facism. He left the party after the signing of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Agression Pact in 1939. Still, his membership got him called before the House Un-American Activities Committee, where he named 19 former members who had also appeared before the committee.(edit)
- Over the course of his career, Roy Huggins wrote over 350 scripts for television and film.(edit)
- Roy Huggins: Everyone I consulted about The Fugitive hated the idea - they found it offensive and distasteful. One man called it "a slap in the face of American justice." But the American people never saw a thing wrong with it.(edit)
- Roy Huggins: The public arts are created for a mass audience and for a profit; that is their essential nature. But they can at times achieve truth and beauty, and given freedom they will achieve it more and more often.(edit)
- Roy Huggins: (describing his trendsetting arrangement with studios, known as the "Huggins Contract") I was getting paid my royalty and my fee whether I did the show or not. If I conceived the show, and got it on the air, anyone could produce it and I would still get paid just as if I was doing it. That became known as "the Huggins Contract". Every producer in television would say "I want the Huggins contract," and some of them got it.(edit)
- Roy Huggins: I don't care whether people say The Fugitive was based on the Sheppard case. The only reason I deny it is that it happens to be the truth.(edit)
- Roy Huggins: (describing his testimony before HUAC) I ended up agreeing that people who had already been mentioned many times were indeed known to me as Communists.(edit)
- Roy Huggins: (describing his working relationship with Robert Blake) It's a love-hate relationship, I love him and he hates me.(edit)
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